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China needs to apply CO2 sequestration technology on a large scale

Editor's note: Practice has proved that CO2 capture and storage is a major measure to mitigate climate change. In addition, as a useful stimulation technique, in some mature fields, injecting CO2 into old wells can increase oil production. The CO2-EOR project also contributes to the development of CBM. Its economic feasibility is that the international oil price is above 30 US dollars per barrel. CO2 sequestration demonstration projects have already been carried out in various geological reservoirs around the world. In the future, there will be great development potential in China.

编者按:实践证明,CO2捕集和埋存是缓解气候变化的一个主要措施。另外,作为一项有用的增产技术,在一些成熟的油田中,向老井中注入CO2能够提高产油量。CO2- EOR工程也有助于煤层气的开发。其经济可行性是国际油价在30美元每桶之上。CO2埋存示范工程早已在全球各种地质储层中展开。今后,在中国将极具开发潜力。

 

China needs to apply CO2 sequestration technology on a large scale

中国需要大规模应用CO2埋存技术

口Zhang Xinping Zhang Liang / China University of Petroleum (East China) Zheng Qiang / Shengli Oilfield Oil Production Research Institute

张新平 张亮/中国石油大学(华东)郑强/胜利油田采油研究院

 

With the aggravation of the global greenhouse effect, the issue of CO2 emission has attracted more and more attention. In recent years, all countries have strengthened the research on CO2 emission reduction technology. Governments and scientific research organizations all over the world believe that CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technology can be used to buffer theUnderstanding the greenhouse effect is of strategic importance. The main task of this technology is to capture the CO2 emitted in industry and then transport it to a suitable long-term storage. Then transport to a proper long-term storage The main process is from power plants, refineries, cement plants, etc., to long-term or permanent "landfills" deep underground. The options for underground storage include dry oil and gas. reservoirs, deep brine reservoirs, and unminable coal seams.

随着全球温室效应的加重,CO2的排放问题越来越引起视,近年来,各国都加强了对CO2减排技术的研究。全世界各国政府和科研组织都认为通过CO2的捕集和封存技术(CCS)来缓

解温室效应具有战略意义。该技术的主要任务是收集工业中排放的CO2,然后输送到一个适当地进行长期储存。然后 输送到一个适当地进行长期储存的主要流程是将从发电厂、炼油厂、水泥厂等,输送到地下深处长期或永久性“填埋”,地下埋存可供选择的地区包括枯油气藏、深部盐水储层、不能开采的煤层。

 

       Demonstration projects carried out around the world

       示范工程在世界各地开展

CO2 geological storage technology has a research history of more than ten years in developed countries. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the Weyburn project. Extensive and in-depth research has been carried out on the main links from general concepts, basic theories to the implementation of the system, and many demonstration projects have been carried out. The Weyburn Oilfield CO2 Storage Project in Canada is a truly competitive CO2 capture and storage project. Because it uses anthropogenic CO2 for EOR and sequestration. The CO2 used in the project is a by-product of the Beulah coal gasification plant in North Dakota, USA. The CO2 as a by-product is captured and transported to the weybnrn oil field in Kapala through a 320km pipeline. The coal gasification plant has been in a state of loss for a long time before. Since the plant built a CO2 transmission pipeline in September 2000, the CO2 discharged from the plant has brought in 150,000 US dollars of revenue per day, which has not only turned the plant into a profit, but also made the plant profitable. Get rid of the burden of CO2 pollutants emitted by coal gasification plants. For oil fields, the use of lower-cost CO2 has reduced the cost of oil per barrel to 16-18 US dollars, and the production of oil fields has also increased from 30,000 barrels per day in 2001 to 30,000 barrels per day at the peak in 2008. With a final enhanced recovery factor of 9.8%, the entire reservoir is expected to store 45.15 million tons of CO2. Therefore, it can be said that the successful operation of the project has achieved a win-win result for all parties.

       CO2地质埋存技术在发达国家巳经有十几年的研究历史,图1为韦本工程简图。从一般概念、基本理论到实施系统的各主要环节都进行了广泛深入的研究,而且进行的示范工程也比较多。加拿大Weyburn油田CO2封存项目是一个真正竞义上的CO2捕集与埋存的项目。因其采用了人为来源的CO2进行EOR和埋存。项目中使用的CO2是美国北达科他州Beulah煤气化厂的副产品,把这些作为副产品的CO2捕集起来通过320km的管道运到加弇大weybnrn油田。煤气化厂在此之前长期处于亏损状态,自从该厂2000年9月建造CO2输送管道后,该厂排出的CO2每天为其带来15万美元收入,不仅使该厂扭亏盈,而且也让工厂甩掉了煤气化厂排放CO2污染物的包袱。对油田来说,利用了成本更低的CO2,使每桶油的成本降为16-18美元,油田的产量也从2001年每天3万桶增长到2008年高峰产量的往天3万桶,最终提高采收率9.8 %,预计整个储集层可埋存4,515万吨CO2。因此可以说,该项目的成功运作达到了多方共赢的结果。

Several countries such as Kl2B in the Netherlands, Sall creek in the United States, and Teapot Dome have also carried out CO2-EOR and storage demonstration projects. It has been confirmed that CO2 flooding can generally improve oil recovery by 7%-15%, prolong the production life of oil wells by 15-20 years, and 60% of the injected CO2 will be buried in the underground reservoir. In addition, studies have been carried out in saline aquifers, gas fields and coal fields. The Sleipner project in Norway is the first large CO2 project in the world. According to the European natural gas transmission and distribution network regulations, the content of CO2 in the gas delivered to users shall not exceed 2.5%. Therefore, before natural gas is delivered to users, CO2 must be Separated from it, normally the separated CO2 is emitted directly into the atmosphere, but Norway imposes a huge carbon tax on CO2 emissions, so consider injecting CO2 into the Utsira brine for storage. The In Salah project in Algeria is one of the largest CCS schemes in the world. It separates the excess CO2 from the natural gas and injects it into the gas field; the CSEMP project in Canada is to bury the CO2 in the coal field. Demonstration project studies are now being carried out in many countries.

荷兰的Kl2B、美国Sall creek、Teapot Dome等几个国家也进行了CO2-EOR和,埋存示范工程。经证实CO2驱一般可提高原油采收率7%- 15%,延长油井生产寿命15- 20年,注入的CO2会有60% 埋在地下储层中。此外,在盐水层、气田和煤田中也进行了研究。挪威的Sleipner工程是世界上第一个大的CO2工程,根据欧洲天然气输配管网规定输送给用户的气体中CO2的含量 得超过2.5%,因此,在天然气在输送给用户前,要把CO2从其中分离出来,通常分离出来的CO2被直接排放到大气中,但是挪威对CO2的排放征收庞大的碳税,所以考虑把CO2注入到Utsira盐水层中埋存阿尔及利亚In Salah工程是世界上辰大的CCS方案之一,它把天然气中过量的CO2离出来,然后注入到气田中;加拿大的CSEMP项目是把CO2埋存在煤田中。现在很多国家都进行了示范项目研究。

my country has favorable storage conditions

我国具有有利的埋存条件

Large-scale CO2 emission sources I am also a big CO2 emission country, but the CCS project mainly captures large-scale centralized emission sources. Statistics show that there are about 1,623 large-scale stationary CO2 emission sources with an annual emission of more than 1,000,000 tons in my country, and the total annual CO2 emission exceeds 3.8 billion tons, mainly concentrated in power plants, synthetic ammonia plants, cement plants, iron and steel plants, etc. The ratio is shown in Picture 2

大规模的CO2排放  我同是CO2排放大国,但是CCS工程主要对大型的集中排放源进行捕集。统计显示,我国年排放量超过1000000吨的大型固定CO2排放源大约有1623个,每年总的CO2排放量超过38亿吨,主要集中在电厂、合成氨厂、水泥厂、钢铁厂等它们分别所占的比例见图2

At present, CO2 capture equipment has been established in some power plants, which can capture relatively pure CO2 in flue gas. For example, the CO2 capture demonstration project of Huaneng Beijing Thermal Power Plant has been successfully implemented; some factories that produce NH3 through coal gasification have Low-cost CO2 gas source, the CO2 produced by these factories cannot be used for production, and the excess CO2 is a relatively pure gas, which is stored. All these provide a good gas source for us to carry out low-cost CO2 sequestration.

       现在,在一些电厂已经建立了CO2捕集设备,可以在烟道气中捕集相对纯净的CO2,例如华能北京热电厂的CO2捕集示范工程巳经成功实施;通过煤气化生产NH3的工厂有一些低成本的CO2气源,这些工厂产生的CO2不能全部用于生产,多余的CO2就是一种相对纯净的气体,进行埋存。这些都为我们进行低成本的CO2埋存提供了很好的气源。

Great storage potential Many large basins in my country affected by neotectonic movements have deposited a multi-layered sedimentary system, the number of layers is often not a few layers, but a dozen or even dozens of layers. The relative water barrier or weakly permeable layer between the layers constitutes a relatively good sealing condition. It is a good place for CO2 management.

       很大的埋存潜力  在我国受新构造运动影明的多个大型盆地中,沉积了多层组合的沉积体系,其层数往往不是几层,而是十几层,甚至几十层。层与层之间的相对隔水层或弱透水层构成相对较好密封条件.是进行CO2处世的良好场所。

It is estimated that there are more than 2,300 billion tons of CO2 storage capacity in 90 onshore sedimentary basins in my country. It is 4.6 billion tons in oil fields and 4.3 billion tons in gas fields. In addition, there are 16 geological formations in the offshore with a storage potential of 780 billion tons.

经评估,在我国陆上90个沉积盆地中有超过23,000亿吨CO2步的地质埋存能力,其中,陆上盐水层的埋存量22,900亿吨、煤中有120亿吨的埋存能力油田中是46亿吨、气田中是43亿吨。另外,在近海还有16个地质构造中有7,800亿吨的埋存潜力

       The vast majority of CO2 geological storage potential (whether in China or worldwide) is located in deep saline aquifers. China's deep saline aquifers account for more than 99% of the domestic deep geological resources. In depleted fields, unrecoverable natural gas.There is relatively little CO2 geological storage capacity in the deep coal seams; they are not only important resources for storing CO2, but also some of the reservoirs have the potential to produce oil and natural gas after CO2 injection. By sequestering CO2 in these oil and gas fields, an additional 7020MBO of oil can be produced, and an additional 16,146.6 billion cubic meters of coalbed methane can be produced in the coal fields, further enhancing China's energy security.

CO2地质埋存潜力的绝大多数(不管是在中国还是在世界范围)都是分布在深部盐水层。中国的深部盐水层占国内深部地质捚存资源的99%以上。在枯竭的油田,不能开采的天然气

和深部的煤层中有相对较少的CO2地质埋存能力;它们不但是埋存CO2的重要资源,同时一部分储层在注入CO2.以后还有生产石油和天然气的潜力。在这些油气田中埋存CO2还可以额外生产大约7020MBO石油,煤中可以增产161466亿立方米煤层气,进一步增强中国的能源安全。

Economical and environmentally friendly use of CO2 technology

经济环保地利用CO2

Although my country's storage research started late, the demonstration projects that have been implemented in foreign oilfields have provided us with a successful example of CO2 underground storage, and there are many places worth learning from. my country's oilfields have been exploited for many years, and the exploration and development of oil and gas layers is very high, and some geological experience has been accumulated, which can be related to CO2 geological storage, especially in CO2 recovery and injection. In the future, my country will apply CO2 geological storage technology on a large scale to reduce CO2 emissions and achieve the possibility of stabilizing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations.

       我国的埋存研究虽然起步较晚, 但国外油田已经实施的示范工程为我们提供了CO2地下储存的成功典范,有许多值得学习借鉴的地方。我国油田已经开采多年,油气层的勘探和开发程度很高,积累了一些地质经验,可以与CO2地质埋存相联系,特别是在CO2回收和注入方面有一定的实践经验,这些都大大增加了我国将来大规模应用CO2地质埋存技术来减少CO2排放,实现稳定大气温室气体浓度的可能行。

       At present, my country has carried out CO2 and geological storage projects in Jilin Oilfield, which is similar to Canada's Weyburn Oilfield. The main purpose is to permanently store part of CO2 while injecting CO2 to improve recovery. CO2 separated from Tanaka.

      目前我国在吉林油田开展了CO2,地质埋存工程,与加拿大Weyburn油田较为相似,主要目的也是在注CO2提高采收率的同时,实现将部分CO2永久埋存,不过,利用的CO2是从天然气田中分离出来的CO2

The huge amount of CO2 emissions in my country has brought us a lot of political and economic pressure. We should make full use of successful foreign experience and achievements, combined with my country's CO2 emission sources and storage potential. Through the cooperation of the government, enterprises and research institutions, the problem of CO2 storage will be solved, and a new way of economical environmental protection and sustainable development will be opened up.

我国CO2的巨大排放量给我们带来了很大的政治、经济压力,我们应该充分利用国外的成功经验和已经取得的成果,结合我国的CO2排放源和埋存潜力。通过政府、企业和研究机构的合作,解决CO2的储存间题,开拓一条经济环保、可持续发展的新途径。

 

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Keywords关键词: CO2埋存技术,全球温室效应,深部盐水储层,CO2捕集,密封条件,石油和天然气,原油采收率,天然气输配管网,埋存条件,沉积体系,CO2地质埋存潜力,埋存研究,大气温室气体浓度,经济环保、可持续发展

CO2 storage technology, global greenhouse effect, deep brine reservoir, CO2 capture, sealing conditions, oil and gas, crude oil recovery, natural gas transmission and distribution network, storage conditions, sedimentary system, CO2 geological storage potential, buried research, atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration, economic and environmental protection, sustainable development

 

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Poster发布人:  Clark Guo, CCSC Technology, Shanghai,Chian,2022.08 Youtuber:ClarOilGas

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